Explanation of some terms related to the design an

Explanation of some related terms of mechanical design and manufacturing

CAD (computer aided design, abbreviated as CAD)

cam (Computer Aided Manufacturing)

CAPP computer aided process planning, abbreviated as CAPP. Computer aided process planning

cae (Computer Aided Engineering, referred to as CAE) computer aided engineering analysis

erp (enterprise resource plan) enterprise resource plan

pdm product data management product data management is a technology that integrates all product related information and processes in the production process of enterprises through computer network and database technology

bpr (Business Process Reengineering): fundamentally rethink and completely redesign business processes to achieve breakthroughs in key performance, such as cost, quality, service and response speed

bom bill of materials is a structured parts list that describes assembly parts, including the list of all sub assemblies, parts and raw materials, as well as the quantity of materials required to manufacture an assembly, such as man hours, materials, equipment, tooling, workshop, etc

mrp is short for material requirement planning. MRP is a computer-aided production planning management system that combines inventory management and production schedule planning. It aims to reduce inventory and provide manufacturing managers with material supply means to meet the needs of production plans

mrpii is short for manufacturing resource planning. It is developed on the basis of material requirement planning (MRP). It not only prepares the production schedule and material purchase plan of products and parts, but also directly obtains various financial information from the system, such as the key to sales is the cheap income of labor costs, the occupation of inventory funds and product costs. It is a management information system that covers all production resources of an enterprise

scm is short for supply chain management. The supply chain consists of suppliers, manufacturing plants, distribution networks, customers and other links. Supply chain management is the management of logistics, capital flow, information flow, value-added flow and workflow in the supply chain

crm is short for customer relationship management. Automate and improve business processes related to managing customer relationships in areas such as sales, marketing, customer service, and support

finite element analysis divides the object into finite elements, which are connected with each other through finite nodes. The elements are regarded as non deformable rigid bodies, and the forces between the elements are transmitted through the nodes. Then the element matrix is established by using the energy principle; After inputting the boundary conditions such as material properties, loads and constraints, the mechanical properties of the object such as deformation, stress and temperature field are calculated by computer. Finally, the calculation results are analyzed to display the shape and stress distribution of the deformed object

digital control, abbreviated as numerical control, refers to the use of discrete digital information to control the operation of machinery and other devices NC (numerical control)

cnc (computer numerical control), refers to the use of computers as control devices in general numerical control systems

b2c, an enterprise to individual e-commerce method, which uses computer networks to enable consumers to directly participate in economic activities

b2b, an enterprise to enterprise e-commerce method, All transactions such as ordering, sales and delivery between enterprises are carried out in the form of e-commerce

enterprise informatization enterprises use computer technology, network technology and database technology in a certain depth and breadth to control and integrate all information in the production and business activities of enterprises, so as to realize the sharing and effective use of internal and external information of enterprises, In order to improve the economic efficiency and market competitiveness of enterprises. Electronic commerce refers to the electronization of the whole trade activity. From the aspect of coverage, it can be defined as: the entry threshold of any form of commercial transactions conducted by the parties to the transaction in the form of electronic transactions rather than face-to-face exchanges or direct interviews is also low; In terms of technology, it can be defined as: e-commerce is a collection of multiple technologies, including data exchange (such as electronic data exchange, e-mail), data acquisition (shared database, electronic bulletin board) and automatic data capture (bar code). It refers to a system that uses information technology to handle business activities. There can also be other names, such as electronic business, net commerce, Internet commerce, EEB commerce, web shopping, etc., which are called unified e-commerce

concurrent engineering the essence of concurrent engineering is to fully predict the performance of the product in manufacturing, assembly, sales, use, after-sales service, scrap, recycling and other links at the design stage of the product, find possible problems, timely modify and timely evaluate whether the product has met the requirements of EU regulations

virtual manufacturing (also translated as virtual manufacturing), which is the application of virtual reality technology (also translated as fantasy technology or spiritual technology) in manufacturing. Virtual reality technology is to make up a scene with the help of multimedia computer audio-visual technology and advanced sensor technology, giving people an immersive and real feeling

agile manufacturing (am for short): refers to that manufacturing enterprises can grasp market opportunities, timely and dynamically reorganize production systems, and launch profitable, user recognized and high-quality products to the market in the shortest time (compared with other enterprises). Local, remote, or even foreign manufacturing enterprises or manufacturing resources (equipment, product design, or 2. Model selection process specification of pressure shear testing machine) are connected into a whole by computer network, and coordinated efforts are made for the common purpose. If CIMS focuses on the integration and information exchange between various departments and links within the enterprise, then agile manufacturing has developed to the integration and information exchange between enterprises. Enterprises connected by computer networks are called virtual enterprises, and some Chinese documents translate them into virtual enterprises

bionic manufacturing is a manufacturing system and process that simulates the organizational structure and operation mode of biology. In bionic manufacturing, people not only learn from nature, but also learn from their own internal organization and operation mode. If the mechanization and automation of manufacturing process extend human physical strength and intellectualization extend human intelligence, then bionic manufacturing extends human organizational structure and evolutionary process

green manufacturing green manufacturing is a modern manufacturing mode that comprehensively considers environmental impact and resource efficiency. Its goal is to minimize the impact (negative effect) on the environment and maximize resource utilization efficiency in the whole product life cycle from design, manufacturing, transportation, use to scrap disposal. Green manufacturing is the embodiment of sustainable development strategy in manufacturing industry. In other words, green manufacturing is the sustainable development mode of modern manufacturing industry. Obviously, the implementation of sustainable development strategy is inseparable from the industrial structure adjustment of manufacturing industry and the revitalization and development of enterprises

rapid prototyping is a working process from three-dimensional to two-dimensional (software discretization), and then from two-dimensional to three-dimensional (material accumulation)

three dimensional modeling of CAD has three levels of building methods, namely wireframe, surface and solid, that is, they correspond to the construction of bodies with one-dimensional lines, two-dimensional faces and three-dimensional bodies respectively